Shoulder Articulations

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Glenohumeral Flexion Bending the joint resulting in a decrease of angle; moving the upper arm upward to the front. Deltoid (anterior) Deltoid (lateral) Pectoralis major (clavicular head) Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii (short head) Extension Straightening the joint resulting in an increase of angle; moving the upper arm down to the rear. Latissimus dorsi Deltoid (posterior) Pectoralis major (sternal head) Teres major Triceps brachii (long head) Adduction Medial movement toward the midline of the body; moving the upper arm down to the side toward the body. Latissimus dorsi Pectoralis major (sternal head) Pectoralis major (clavicular head) Teres major Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii (long head) Abduction Lateral movement away from the midline of the body; moving the upper arm up to the side away from the body. Deltoid (lateral) Deltoid (anterior) Supraspinatus Pectoralis major (clavicular head) Transverse Adduction Medial movement toward the midline of the body in a horizontal plane; moving the upper arm toward and across the chest with the back of the arm facing down. Pectoralis major (sternal head) Pectoralis major (clavicular head) Coracobrachialis Transverse Flexion Medial movement toward the midline of the body in a horizontal plane; moving the upper arm toward and across the chest with the elbows facing out to the sides. Pectoralis major (sternal head) Pectoralis major (clavicular head) Deltoid (anterior) Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii (short head) Transverse Abduction Lateral movement away from the midline of the body in a horizontal plane; moving the upper arm away from the chest with the elbows facing down. Deltoid (posterior) Deltoid (lateral) Infraspinatus Teres minor   Transverse Extension Lateral movement away from the midline of the body in a horizontal plane; moving the upper arm away from the chest with the elbows out to the sides. Deltoid (posterior) Latissimus dorsi Infraspinatus Teres minor Medial Rotation (Internal Rotation) Rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of the bone toward the center of the body; turning the upper arm inward. See shoulder internal rotation inflexibility. Pectoralis major (sternal head) Pectoralis major (clavicular head) Latissimus dorsi Deltoid (anterior) Subscapularis Teres major Supraspinatus * *When shoulder is flexed (Ackland DC, Pandy MG, 2011). Lateral Rotation (External Rotation) Rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of the bone away from the center of the body; turning the upper arm outward. See shoulder external rotation inflexibility. Teres minor Infraspinatus Deltoid (posterior) Supraspinatus * *When shoulder is abducted (Ackland DC, Pandy MG, 2011). Notes Mentioned articulations occur during concentric phase of exercise video examples.