Glenohumeral

Bending the joint resulting in a decrease of angle; moving the upper arm upward to the front. Typically accompanies Shoulder Girdle Elevation / Upward Rotation.

Straightening the joint resulting in an increase of angle; moving the upper arm down to the rear. Typically accompanies Shoulder Girdle Depression / Downward Rotation.

Medial movement toward the midline of the body; moving the upper arm down to the side toward the body. Typically accompanies Shoulder Girdle Downward Rotation.

Lateral movement away from the midline of the body; moving the upper arm up to the side away from the body. Typically accompanies Shoulder Girdle Upward Rotation. See Scapulohumeral Rythm.

Medial movement toward the midline of the body in a horizontal plane; moving the upper arm toward and across the chest with the back of the arm facing down. Typically accompanies Shoulder Protraction.
- Pectoralis major (sternal head)
- Pectoralis major (clavicular head)
- Coracobrachialis

Medial movement toward the midline of the body in a horizontal plane; moving the upper arm toward and across the chest with the elbows facing out to the sides. Typically accompanies Shoulder Protraction.

Lateral movement away from the midline of the body in a horizontal plane; moving the upper arm away from the chest with the elbows facing down. Typically accompanies Shoulder Retraction.

Lateral movement away from the midline of the body in a horizontal plane; moving the upper arm away from the chest with the elbows out to the sides. Typically accompanies Shoulder Retraction.

Medial Rotation (Internal Rotation)
Rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of the bone toward the center of the body; turning the upper arm inward. Typically accompanies Shoulder Girdle Protraction. See shoulder internal rotation inflexibility.
- Pectoralis major (sternal head)
- Pectoralis major (clavicular head)
- Latissimus dorsi
- Deltoid (anterior)
- Subscapularis
- Teres major
- Supraspinatus *
*When shoulder is flexed (Ackland DC, Pandy MG, 2011).

Lateral Rotation (External Rotation)
Rotary movement around the longitudinal axis of the bone away from the center of the body; turning the upper arm outward. Typically accompanies Shoulder Girdle Retration. See shoulder external rotation inflexibility.
*When shoulder is abducted (Ackland DC, Pandy MG, 2011).
Notes
Mentioned articulations occur during concentric phase of exercise video examples.