| Study | Subjects | Study Duration | Calories | Drugs | Dosage | Comments |
| Hurley (1984) | 8 bodybuilders 4 powerlifters | 20% protein 30-35% carb 45-50% fat | 6 types of AAS Testosterone. HCG | 476 mg/wk (57 mg/wk to 1376 mg/wk) | ||
| Alen, et. al. (1985) | 3 bodybuilders 1 powerlifter 1 wrestler | 26 weeks | 15400 kJ; protein intake at 2.3 g/kg | 3 types of AAS Testosterone Preparation | .22 mg/kg/day to .37 mg/kg/day | Four subjects developed gynecomastia |
| Hickson (1990) | 1 male bodybuilder | 26 days | 1769 to 3285 kcal | 6 types of AAS HCG, and diuretics | Precompetition Calcium & Zinc intake low | |
| Kleiner (1990) | 19 men, 8 women: Jr USA BB Champions. | Questionnaires, interviews, diet records | 2015 ±1060 kcal; 33.5% Protein (men) | Various AAS, diuretics, laxatives | Precompetition Calcium & Zinc intake low | |
| Kliener (1989) | 5739 ±2500 kcal (2451 -19760 kcal) | |||||
| Faber, Benade´, & van Eck (1986) | 17,333 kilojoules (4127 kcal) | |||||
| Bazzarre et. al. (1990) | 19 male and 8 female; USA BB Champions | 2015 ±1060 kcal; 34 ±12% Protein (men) | Precompetition Calcium & Zinc intake low | |||
| Sandoval (1989) | 5 male and 6 female bodybuilders | 2347 ±220 kcalories; 34% Protein | Various AAS | Precompetion Calcium intake low |
Bodybuilding Literature Overview
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